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Exosomes can be defined as extracellular vesicles or bubbles released from cells, especially stem cells. Exosome structures, which are extracellular particles responsible for genetic information, fulfill the task of communicating between cells. They carry molecules called key regulators of intracellular information between cells both near and far. Between 30 and 150 nanometers in diameter, the small pouch-shaped structures excreted by cells enable the transfer of DNA, RNA and proteins from one cell to another.
Exosomes allow cell-to-cell communication, carrying molecules that are important regulators of intracellular information between cells both near and far. They carry information with different functions and purposes, indicating when and how to respond to the cell.
Exosomes released by young stem cells are extremely powerful in regulating regenerative processes in the body and aiding rejuvenation. Although they are not cells, they play a critical role in the communication and rejuvenation of all cells in the body. Aging, environmental factors, chronic diseases and genetic disorders can disrupt the healing process by interfering with how stem cells communicate with other cells. Exosomes, which play a key role in regulating these communication processes, are one of the next generation cellular therapies.
Exosomes are at the forefront with their functionality in skin repair, skin rejuvenation and reduction of inflammation. Although stem cell structures are responsible for the rejuvenation of old cells, these cells may not be able to provide all the information the body needs. In this case, it is possible to provide a new piece of information with the exosome function to support the healing process in the body and make the treatment more effective.
What is an Exosome?
The vesicles secreted by cells are called exosomes. Exosome therapy is performed using vesicles obtained from mesenchymal cells. Exosomes, which are one thousandth the size of cells, strengthen the function of the cells they affect and can take on the task of repairing the relevant cell. They transfer DNA, RNA, growth factors and amino acids to the cell they will repair.
Exosome therapy is frequently used in the treatment of orthopedic injuries and some degenerative diseases as well as for its anti-aging properties. Exosome therapy, which has recently gained popularity in our country, is often combined with stem cell therapy to increase the healing effect in the body. Exosome therapy can be defined as a treatment applied to repair the skin, renew the skin, reduce skin scars, that is, for anti-aging purposes.
Why is Exosome Made?
Exosome treatment can be used in the treatment of some diseases as well as for aesthetic purposes. Exosome is a treatment that can be applied for hair loss. Since exosome therapy also contains growth factors, it can trigger the natural regeneration process by strengthening hair follicles and stimulating cells in cases of hair loss. Exosome therapy can be used in cases such as hair thinning and excessive hair loss.
Due to aging, the effects of aging on the skin begin to gain prominence. As the body’s ability to regenerate itself decreases, effects such as wrinkles and sagging appear in different parts of the skin. With the exosome treatment triggering the body’s self-renewal ability, the signs of aging can be eliminated.
Tissue damage may occur on the skin of individuals over time due to various reasons. In addition, situations such as acne and acne formation may be encountered. In such cases, exosome treatment can be applied in order to activate the body’s self-repair mechanism.
Today, exosome treatment is a procedure that is generally preferred for aesthetic purposes, but it is also frequently used for the treatment of skin blemishes. In addition to skin rejuvenation, it can also be used for acne scarring, porous skin tightening and atopic dermatitis.
How is Exosome Applied?
Exosomes used in exosome therapy contain DNA, RNA, amino acids and hundreds of growth factors. Exosomes are obtained from stem cells. After first growing the stem cells in culture, exosomes can be obtained by removing the stem cells grown in the culture from the liquid environment in which the stem cells are grown and then rescuing them from the stem cells.
Products used in exosome treatment should be transported in cold chain and used after opening. Local anesthetic cream is applied. Then, a simple and painless injection is injected into the treatment area. Exosomes must be highly concentrated for the treatment to be successful. The dense mixture injected into the treatment area contains components such as exosomes, Q enzymes, minerals, peptides, around 50 growth factors, amino acids and vitamins.
The dosage of the mixture to be injected in exosome treatment should be determined and planned according to the patient’s needs and treatment plan. After the procedure performed with a practical injection, the patient can continue his/her daily life without interruption. Depending on the injected dose, fibroblast cell proliferation can increase up to 80%, elastin synthesis up to 3 times and collagen synthesis up to 6 times.
Who is Exosome Suitable for?
Exosome therapy;
- Who wants to have younger skin,
- Who wants to protect your skin against the effects of aging,
- With skin blemishes,
- Whose skin is dry and lifeless,
- People with sunspots on their skin,
- It can be applied to people with surgery, incisions or acne scars on their skin.
Exosome therapy is one of the preferred procedures to be used as an auxiliary method in the treatment of many diseases today. Exosome therapy for aesthetic purposes can be applied to all patients who need skin rejuvenation against the effects of aging and skin repair in case of tissue damage.
However, as a result of the evaluation made specifically for each patient, the decision of suitability for treatment is made. Within the scope of the treatment applied in suitable patients, exosomes send signals to the cells in the area where they are injected to work in a healthy way. In this way, they inform the cells about how to regulate themselves with proteins sent to the cell wall. After the inflammatory response in the body is turned off, the healing effect will begin to occur.
What are the Advantages of Exosome Therapy?
Exosome therapy in general has the ability to trigger the natural production of the skin’s basic needs, minimal post-inflammatory and hyperpigmentation. As a result, it can increase skin radiance by plumping the skin. It can reduce scars by improving the quality of skin tissue. It can also shrink pores. Therefore, exosome therapy can be applied to remove fine lines and wrinkles on the skin.
For the treatment of scars and the non-surgical treatment of scleroderma, the exosome procedure may be considered. Exosome therapy, which can be used to improve the appearance of acne scars, reduce the signs of aging, repair damaged hair follicles, has the ability to increase collagen production in the area where it is injected and to be effective in tissue repair.
Since exosome therapy is based on stem cell therapy, it has no side effects. Since the body is not foreign to all injected components, there are no allergic side effects.
When is the exosome effect seen?
In order to see the effects of exosome treatment, the cells must be allowed to regenerate. How long it takes for the results to appear may vary depending on factors such as the age of the patient, the degree of the problem to be treated and the current health status of the patient. This is because with age, various factors cause the body to respond more slowly to stem cell signals.
Since the body’s self-repair is a time-consuming process, an average of 3 to 4 months is needed for the treatment to occur. The most effective results are usually seen within 6 to 8 months. In other words, it is not a correct approach to expect results from exosome treatment in a few days or a few weeks.
Frequently Asked Questions About Exosome
How long does exosome treatment last?
Exosome therapy is basically a treatment planned for many different purposes. The duration of exosome treatment may vary depending on the purpose of the treatment, the desired result, the current condition of the person and many similar factors. In order to benefit from exosome treatment, the treatment process should be planned specifically for each patient. In this way, it is possible to get the best results by organizing the duration of treatment and other details according to the needs and expectations of the patient.
Which methods are used to treat exosomes?
For the application of exosome therapy, stem cells in culture are first grown. Exosomes can be obtained by getting rid of the stem cells after the exosomes are purified from the liquid environment in which the stem cells grown in culture are located. Local anesthetic cream is applied to the application area and numbness is expected to occur. Exosome treatment is then applied to the area by injection. The mixture injected into the area consists of components such as exosomes, peptides, mineral Q enzymes, vitamins, amino acids and around 50 growth factors. It is very important for the success of the treatment to determine the dosage of the mixture to be injected within the scope of exosome therapy according to the needs of each patient and the purpose of the targeted treatment.
What results can be expected after exosome treatment?
The effects of exosome therapy begin to emerge with the self-renewal process of the cells. As the body responds to stem cell signals, the body’s self-repair process is activated. Approximately 3 to 4 months are needed for the effects of the treatment to appear. The most effective results take an average of 6 to 8 months. As a result, the skin becomes fuller and brighter. The quality of the skin tissue improves. It is possible to minimize the pores on the skin, remove fine lines and wrinkles with exosome treatment.
How are exosomes used to diagnose cancer?
Exosomes are very small extracellular vesicles secreted by multiple cell types and are widely distributed in various biological fluids. Today, exosomes have become the focus of the search for a new therapeutic modality for cancer. Exosomes can be used for therapeutic delivery of small molecules, proteins and RNAs to target cancer cells with high efficiency. Moreover, different exosome sources exhibit multiple performances in cancer applications. In cancer therapy, exosomes can be used as useful carriers in drug delivery systems and as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis.
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